Space exploration in the mid-20th century has also greatly benefited from the advancing trends in the food industry. The Industrial Revolution and the ensuing progress of humanity can be largely attributed to the nutrition industry, which provided capacitance against natural disasters and calamities, while ensuring food security for the burgeoning world population. In addition to facilitating Earth exploration, and most famously, the discovery of the new world, nutrition became a commercial entity and ushered in a new age in human exploration. However, to support self-sufficiency during long-term space exploration, the most optimal and sustainable space nutrition systems are likely to be supported primarily by fresh food production, natural unprocessed foods as diets, nutrient recycling of food scraps and cultivation systems, and the establishment of closed-loop biospheres or landscape-based space habitats as long-term life support systems.įrom time immemorial, fresh and packaged food onboard long-term transportation systems has been a topic of intense research. The results suggest that it is possible to address short-term adverse environmental factors and nutritional deficiencies by adopting effective dietary measures, selecting the right types of foods and supplements, and engaging in specific sustainable food production and eating practices. From these articles, two independent reviewers screened titles and abstracts to identify 218 articles for full-text reviews based on three themes and 18 keyword combinations as eligibility criteria. The search phrase “space food and the survival of astronauts in long-term missions” was used to collect the initial 5432 articles from seven Chinese and seven English databases.
Specifically, the review targeted critical nutritional needs during long-term manned missions in outer space in addition to the essential components of a sustainable space nutrition system for meeting these needs. This scoping review aimed to identify current evidence and gaps in the field of long-term space nutrition.
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